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INSPECTIONS
Ultrasonic Inspection
Ultrasonic Inspection is performed by ISO 2400:1972 standard. In the ultrasonic inspection method, sound waves with short-wavelength are transmitted through the material, these waves reflected back and detected by another probe, progress time and leght of waves in material is read graphically from the ossiloscope screen. If there is a crack, inclusion, slag residue, porosity, etc. in the material, this method enables you to determine if the placement and size of defects. ( ISO 2400:1972 Welds in Steel—Reference block for the calibration of equipment for ultrasonic examination).
Liquid Penetrant Inspection
Liquid Penetrant Inspection is performed by ASTM E165-09 standard. In this method, a liquid penetrant is thoroughly applied to the surface of the sample to be tested after cleaning, and expected for a while. If there is a crack in the material liquid penetrant diffuses into this region. Then the developer can pull return to the surface liquid penetrant fluid leaking through the crack, ultraviolet light is provided observation a possible crack. (ASTM E165–09: Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry).
Magnetic Particle Inspection
The Magnetic Particle Inspection is performed by ASTM E709 standard. Magnetic particle method is performed to detect the defects of surface or inner regions of the ferromagnetic material. During this test the test sample is magnetized, and iron powder is poured, when it is dry or in solution, over the test specimen. If there is a crack in the material, a leakage flux occurs in these regions. Occurring leakage flux causes rushing iron powders in this region, thus defects is determined. (ASTM E709 – 08: Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing).
Radiographic Inspection
Radiographic Inspection is performed by ASTM E94 standard. Radiographic examination method can show internal structure of the material by sent to the X-rays or gamma radiation on the sample. Results are displayed by using a screen or are recorded on a film. This method is very important for quality control applications (cast materials, and steel products, etc.). With this method, casting cracks, gas holes and contraction phenomena after casting can be detected. (ASTM E94-04(2010): Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination).
Eddy-Current Inspection
Eddy current test is performed by ASTM E309 standard. Eddy current testing method is based on the principles of magnetic induction. A fluctuating magnetic field is produced by a sensor that caused eddy currents in the specimen. The sensor does not have to contact the test specimen. When prevaile a inhomogeneity or defect, eddy current field affects this and this situation is sensed with a sencor and where defects is determined. (ASTM E309–11:Standard Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation).
Helium-Leak Inspection
Helium-Leak Inspection is implemented by ASTM F78 standard. Helium-Leak test is performed to detect and locate leaks in pressure containment parts and structures. This inspection method includes examination of welded, brazed, adhesion bonded components, etc. (ASTM F78-97(2002): Standard Test Method for Calibration of Helium Leak Detectors by Use of Secondary Standards).
Surface Inspection
Surface Inspection is performed by ASTM A802 standard. Surface inspection method is applied for the detection of surface defects found on the surface of the material, and surface roughness. The two methods are generally used. One of them, scanning the surface of the material by using a laser light and analyzing the light reflected back by the surface. The other method is visited on the surface of a material with a profilometer for roughness analysis micro-inches or millimeters in size. (ASTM A802 / A802M - 95(2010)e1: Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual Examination).
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